Oestrogen

Oestrogen is a female sex hormone with many roles, including controlling puberty and strengthening bones. But too much or too little can cause medical problems.

Read more

Oestrogen blood test

Oestrogen blood tests help us to understand hormone balance. Read more if you are planning pregnancy, are pregnant or your menstrual cycle is unusual.

Read more

Gynaecomastia surgery

Surgery for gynaecomastia is an operation to remove excess tissue from your chest.

Read more

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and menopause medications

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT), or menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) comes in various forms and is used to treat the symptoms of menopause.

Read more

Testosterone blood test

A testosterone blood test can show us how much of the sex hormone testosterone is in your body. Males usually have more testosterone than females.

Read more

Menopause

Menopause is the end of the reproductive stage of your life. Read here to find out more about menopause symptoms, treatment and support.

Read more

Breast cysts

Breast cysts are benign bubbles of fluid in the breast. It’s important to know how to recognise them and what to look for if you suspect a lump is not benign.

Read more

Osteoporosis medicines

Osteoporosis medicines include bisphosphonates, denosumab and hormonal treatments. Calcium, vitamin D and exercise are also important.

Read more

Vaginal dryness

Vaginal dryness is most common in females who have gone through menopause. Read more about the symptoms and treatments for vaginal dryness.

Read more

Adenomyosis

Adenomyosis is a condition that affects the uterus and can cause heavy periods. Learn more about its causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment.

Read more

Post menopause

Post-menopause begins 12 months after your last period. Learn more about what to expect after menopause and health conditions that become more common.

Read more

Prolapsed uterus

Read about prolapsed uterus — when your uterus (womb) slowly drops down toward the opening of your vagina — including causes, symptoms and treatment.

Read more

Blood tests A-Z

From the fasting blood glucose test to the prostate (PSA) test, there are many kinds of blood tests. Browse the index and learn how to prepare for your test.

Read more

Hormonal medicines and periods

Some forms of hormonal contraception (for example the oral contraceptive pill, hormonal IUD, and injection) may affect your menstrual cycle.

Read more

Hormonal system

The endocrine (hormonal) system influences your metabolism, growth and other functions. Learn more about what it is and related conditions.

Read more

The pill (combined oral contraceptive pill)

The combined oral contraceptive pill, usually called 'the pill', is a type of contraception (birth control) that can also help control your periods.

Read more

Osteopaenia

If you have osteopaenia, your bones are weaker than normal. Osteopaenia is less severe than osteoporosis but you need to take care if you're at risk.

Read more

Bladder prolapse

A prolapsed bladder (cystocoele) develops when the bladder bulges into your vaginal wall. This may cause problems, but can be treated.

Read more

Endometrial cancer

Endometrial cancer develops in the lining of the uterus (womb). Learn how to spot the signs of endometrial cancer and what your treatment options are.

Read more

Bleeding between periods

Vaginal bleeding between periods is not unusual, but should be checked by your doctor if it happens more than once.

Read more

Gynaecomastia

Find out about the treatments for gynaecomastia – the development of enlarged breasts in males - also sometimes called 'man boobs'.

Read more

Turner syndrome

Turner syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by a missing or partially missing X chromosome. Find out more about its symptoms and treatments here.

Read more

Irregular periods

If your period stops or changes in any way, you should see your doctor.

Read more

Breast cancer

Breast cancer often shows as a lump in the breast tissue, although most breast lumps are not cancerous. If found early, full recovery is more likely.

Read more

Rectocele

A rectocele happens when your rectum bulges into your back vaginal wall. Find out about the symptoms, getting care and possible treatments here.

Read more

Contraceptive vaginal ring

Read about the vaginal ring - a type of contraception (birth control) that works in the same way as the pill and can help control your periods.

Read more

Progestogen-only pill (mini pill)

The progestogen-only pill (POP) is a type of contraception (birth control) that is sometimes called the mini pill. Read about the types of POP.

Read more

Hot flushes due to menopause

Hot flushes are a normal symptom of menopause. If they impact daily activities or sleep, diagnosis and treatment is available through your doctor.

Read more

Reducing your risk of developing a blood clot

Blood clots occur to prevent you from losing too much blood. They can form inside a vein and move to your lungs, causing pain or serious complications.

Read more

Testosterone

Your testosterone levels can vary depending on your sex, age and health. Learn more about low testosterone, possible causes and symptoms.

Read more