What is being tested?

Liver function tests (also called LFTs) are blood tests that can provide information about how the liver is working. They test the levels of a number of proteins and enzymes that are either produced by liver cells or released into the blood when liver cells are damaged.

The liver is a large organ in the upper right of the abdomen and is necessary for many different functions. For example, it processes drugs and alcohol, filters toxic chemicals, stores vitamins and minerals, and makes bile, proteins and enzymes.

LFTs examine proteins, enzymes, and other substances that indicate how well the liver is working. They can show if there is damage to liver cells or a blockage to blood flow through the liver.

Why would I need this test?

Doctors often request these tests for people who:

• have liver disease or damage
• are, or might be, infected with hepatitis viruses
• are heavy drinkers
• have a family history of liver disease
• take drugs that can damage the liver

Your doctor might order LFTs if you have:

• jaundice
• dark urine or light-coloured bowel motion (poo)
• weakness or tiredness
• loss of appetite
• nausea and vomiting
• abdominal pain or swelling
• itching

How to prepare for liver function test?

No preparation is needed for this test.

Understanding your results

Each of the LFTs gives different information about liver function. The results do not indicate a specific condition, but their combined results can indicate patterns usually seen with liver disease or damage.

If your liver function tests are abnormal, further testing might be necessary to work out what is causing the liver damage and/or disease.

Some LFTs can be affected by conditions in the bones or elsewhere in the body. It is also possible that some LFT results can be mildly abnormal when there is no problem at all.

You should discuss the results with your doctor to see what they mean in your particular situation.

More information

Pathology Tests Explained has more information about liver function tests.

About blood testing

Visit healthdirect Guide to blood testing to learn more about blood tests in general, including information about:

• what to consider before having a blood test
• what happens during a blood test
• results accuracy
• blood tests cost