Delirium is an acute change in mental status that is often triggered by acute illness, surgery, injuries or adverse effects of medicines.

Hip fractures occur when the top of the femur cracks or breaks. They are potentially catastrophic injuries, particularly in older adults, that are associated with death, disability and loss of independence. About 19 000 people over 50 are hospitalised for hip fractures every year in Australia.

Amputation is defined as the ‘partial or complete surgical removal of a limb’. They can be caused by both medical conditions and trauma. Medical conditions resulting in amputation are often those that restrict blood flow to extremities. Other causes include crush injuries, burns and frostbite.

Optimal wound management involves addressing both the cause of the wound, and the use of dressings or bandages.

Falls in older adults are often serious, resulting in functional decline, reduced quality of life, loss of independence and in severe cases, even death. It is estimated that about 40% of older adults fall within six months of discharge, with 50% of these incidents resulting in injury.

A perineal tear occurs when the perineum - the area between the vagina and anus - is injured during childbirth. Third and fourth degree perineal tears are experienced by approximately 3% of women giving birth vaginally and 5% of women giving birth vaginally for the first time and may be serious.

Guidance to clinicians about what the Hip Fracture Clinical Care Standard means for clinicians assessing and managing patients with a hip fracture

The Hip Fracture Clinical Care Standard guides clinicians and health services in hip fracture care to improve outcomes for people with a hip fracture

Lyme disease (also known as Lyme borreliosis) is a bacterial infection transmitted through tick bites. It is a potentially multi-systemic condition that may lead to serious symptoms if left untreated. It is predominantly caused by four types of bacteria in the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato group.

Compression stockings are used to treat and prevent a variety of conditions, including varicose veins, lymphoedema and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). They work by squeezing the veins and muscles in the leg, which helps to improve blood circulation in the legs and reduce swelling.