X-rays

An x-ray uses radiation to create a picture of the inside of your body. The x-ray beam is absorbed differently by body structures to create the image.

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CT scan

A computed tomography (CT) scan is a 3D image of your body. It’s generated by a machine that moves around you. Learn more about CT scans here.

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Mammography

A mammogram is a type of x-ray used to detect breast cancer. Read about having a mammogram, and when screening and diagnostic mammograms are done.

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Lung biopsy

A lung biopsy involves removing small pieces of abnormal lung tissue using a needle. The procedure is performed by a radiologist (doctor who specialises in x-rays and scans).

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Coronary angiogram

A coronary angiogram is an x-ray used to see whether a person has a certain type of heart disease. See here how the procedure is carried out.

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Liver biopsy

A liver biopsy removes small pieces of tissue from your liver using a needle. The procedure is performed by a radiologist (doctor who specialises in x-rays and scans).

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Tests used in diagnosing dementia

Find out more about the tests doctors use to diagnose dementia. Learn about physical and neurological examinations, cognitive tests, x-rays and scans.

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Perthes disease

Perthes disease is a painful condition of the hip that usually occurs in children. It can take time, but most children recover fully.

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Facet joint injection

A facet joint injection can be used to find out if your pain is caused by your facet joints, or to treat pain in your facet joints.

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Bone density scan (DEXA or DXA scan)

A bone density scan or DEXA scan is used to check your bone density. Doctors use the results to diagnose osteoporosis. Find out if you need one.

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Cardiac catheterisation

Cardiac catheterisation ('cardiac cath' or 'heart cath') is a common procedure that lets cardiologists check and treat the heart and it’s arteries.

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Angiogram

Angiograms are images showing blood vessels. Read about what happens when you have an angiogram and what conditions they can diagnose and treat.

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Whiplash

Whiplash is a neck injury from sudden head movement. Learn about causes, symptoms, treatment, and prevention. See a doctor if symptoms persist.

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MRI scan

An MRI scan uses magnets, radio waves, and a computer to image your body's soft tissues. Read about benefits, process, and potential complications.

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Heart murmur

A heart murmur is an irregular sound heard when listening to the heart. Some heart murmurs are a sign of a heart condition, but others are not.

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Orthodontic treatments

Orthodontic treatments are dental procedures that help straighten your teeth and correct problems with your bite. Read about orthodontic treatments.

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Fractures

A fracture is a crack or break in your bone caused by trauma, overuse or weak bones. Learn about symptoms, treatments, and prevention.

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Paget's disease of bone

Paget's disease is a condition that weakens and deforms your bones. Read more information about symptoms, diagnosis and treatment.

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Biopsy

A biopsy helps your doctor diagnose a medical condition. Find out more about what they are, different types of biopsies, and why you need a biopsy.

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Achalasia

Achalasia is a rare condition affecting the oesophagus, hindering food passage. There is no cure, but there are treatments to ease the symptoms.

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Spondylolisthesis

Spondylolisthesis is a problem with your back that can cause lower back pain. Read about the causes, symptoms and treatment options.

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Bronchoscopy

A bronchoscopy lets your doctor to see inside your airways and lungs. Find out about the procedure and when you might need a bronchoscopy.

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Ultrasound

An ultrasound scan creates a real-time picture of the inside of the body using sound waves. Learn about uses, types, and preparation for ultrasounds.

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Rickets

Rickets is a bone disease that can affect children with lack of vitamin D. Find out about the symptoms and treatments for rickets.

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Pulmonary embolism

A pulmonary embolism is serious. If a blood clot gets stuck in your lungs it can cause problems with your heart and breathing. Learn the symptoms.

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Root canal treatment

A root canal treatment can save an infected or damaged tooth. Find out how your dentist does root canal work, also known as endodontic treatment.

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Achilles tendon injuries

The Achilles tendon is the thick cord you can feel above the back of your heel. Find out about Achilles tendon injuries and how to prevent them.

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Aortic stenosis

Aortic stenosis is a condition where your aortic heart valve narrows. Read about the symptoms, causes and treatment for aortic stenosis.

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Neuroblastoma in children

Neuroblastoma is a cancer that affects young children. The outlook for a child will depend on the tumour type, its location and how fast it’s growing.

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Soft tissue sarcoma in children

A soft tissue sarcoma is a cancer that grows in your body's soft tissues. Read about the symptoms and treatment of soft tissue sarcoma in children.

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