Chest pain

Chest pain can be a symptom of a heart attack. Find out the common causes of chest pain, when to be concerned and what to do if you have chest pain.

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Angina

Angina is chest pain or discomfort that usually comes on during physical activity. Here's how to recognise angina and what to do about it.

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Pericarditis

Pericarditis is the inflammation of the thin membrane around your heart. Read more about pericarditis symptoms, treatments and causes.

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Costochondritis

Costochondritis is inflammation of the cartilage connecting your ribs to your breastbone. Learn how you can reduce the pain of costochondritis.

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Heart attack symptoms: males vs females

Find out about the differences in heart attack symptoms between males and females, and about what can increase your risk of having a heart attack.

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Troponin blood test

Troponin blood tests can help work out if your heart muscle is damaged due to a heart attack. Read about troponin blood tests and when they are used.

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Heart attack

Here's how to recognise the symptoms of a heart attack. Act fast when you notice the warning signs of a heart attack - it could save a life.

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Aortic stenosis

Aortic stenosis is a condition where your aortic heart valve narrows. Read about the symptoms, causes and treatment for aortic stenosis.

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Cardiomyopathy

Cardiomyopathy is a condition that affects your heart muscle. Find out about the different types of cardiomyopathy, symptoms and treatments.

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Electrocardiogram (ECG)

To find out how well your heart is working, your doctor may ask you to have an electrocardiogram (ECG). Learn more about it and why you may need an ECG.

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Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS)

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a blood disorder that increases the risk of blood clots and pregnancy complications. Learn more here.

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Pulmonary hypertension

Pulmonary hypertension is a serious condition causing high blood pressure in pulmonary arteries of your lungs. It needs specialist care.

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Pleurisy

Pleurisy is when the lining of your lungs becomes inflamed. Read about the symptoms, causes and treatments for pleurisy, and when to see your doctor.

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Calcium channel blockers (CCB)

Find out what the most common types of calcium channel blockers are used for, how they work and any side effects associated with taking them.

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Tachycardia

Tachycardia (if your heart beats very fast, more than 100 beats per minute) can be a normal response to exercise or stress or a sign of disease.

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Mitral valve surgery

Mitral valve disease can cause pain, shortness of breath and eventually death. Mitral valve surgery can relieve your pain, improve your breathing and energy levels, and may help you to live longer.

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Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome

Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW) can cause episodes of fast heartbeat, or tachycardia. Learn more here about the symptoms and treatments for WPW.

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Heart palpitations

When you have palpitations you are suddenly aware of your heartbeat. Read about the causes, related symptoms and what to do if you have palpitations.

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Hiatus hernia

A hiatus hernia is where a part of the stomach pushes up through a gap in the diaphragm. Read on about symptoms and treatment options.

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Pleural effusion

A pleural effusion is a build-up of fluid in the space around your lungs. Read about the symptoms, causes and treatment for pleural effusion.

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Pulmonary embolism

A pulmonary embolism is serious. If a blood clot gets stuck in your lungs it can cause problems with your heart and breathing. Learn the symptoms.

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Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD)

Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is when stomach acid rises into your food pipe repeatedly. Learn about its symptoms and treatment options.

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Coronary heart disease

Coronary heart disease (CHD), also known as 'coronary artery disease', causes angina and heart attacks. Learn how to reduce your risk of CHD.

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Heartburn

Heartburn is a feeling of burning pain or discomfort in the chest due to acid reflux. Find out about the triggers for heartburn and how to relieve it.

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Heart failure

Heart failure is when your heart cannot pump enough blood. Read about the symptoms, causes, diagnosis and treatments for heart failure.

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Cardiovascular exercise

Discover the essentials of cardiovascular exercise, its health benefits, and practical tips for safe and effective workouts.

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Coronary angiogram

A coronary angiogram is an x-ray used to see whether a person has a certain type of heart disease. See here how the procedure is carried out.

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Calf pain

Calf pain is often caused by muscle strain or cramps due to exercise, dehydration or mineral deficiency. But it can signal something more serious.

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Cardiac arrest

Cardiac arrest is when the heart stops beating, usually due to an electrical problem with the heart. Performing CPR and defibrillation in time can be lifesaving.

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Haemoptysis (coughing up blood)

Haemoptysis (hemoptysis) is when you cough up blood from your lungs or airways. Read about the causes and when to seek emergency help for haemoptysis.

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