Murray Valley encephalitis
1-minute read
Murray Valley encephalitis is a rare illness caused by a virus, and a person can become infected if bitten by a mosquito that is carrying the virus. Most reported cases of Murray Valley encephalitis - which can be severe, and even fatal - have occurred in northern Australia or Papua New Guinea.
Symptoms and diagnosis
The mild symptoms of Murray Valley encephalitis include fever, headache, nausea and vomiting. More severe symptoms may include drowsiness, confusion, neck stiffness, and possibly seizures. Infants may also become irritable or drowsy.
Diagnosing the infection may involve a blood test and a lumbar puncture to test a sample of fluid from around the spinal cord.
Murray Valley encephalitis treatment and prevention
There is no vaccine or specific treatment for Murray Valley encephalitis. Therefore, it's especially important to protect yourself from mosquito bites.
To lessen your chance of being bitten by mosquitoes (as well as midges), cover up as much skin as possible and stay inside in the early morning or at dusk. Screen living areas, and make sure you use an insect repellent when you are outside and there are mosquitoes around.
Information on staying safe around mosquitoes can be found on the Queensland Health website.
More information
- Download healthdirect's infographic guide to mosquito bites.
- Visit our information partners' links below.
Last reviewed: January 2017
