Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib)
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Last reviewed: May 2018
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Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib)
Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) is a bacterium commonly found in the upper respiratory tract (windpipe, back of mouth and nose).
Read more on WA Health website
Haemophilus Influenzae Type b (Hib) Disease
Infection with Hib bacteria can lead to serious illness including meningitis and epiglottitis. With the introduction of Hib vaccine these conditions are now rare. Urgent treatment is necessary as Hib disease can be life threatening.
Read more on NSW Health website
Haemophilus influenzae - myDr.com.au
The bacterium Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) can cause meningitis and epiglottitis. Since routine Hib vaccination started in Australia, the number of cases of Hib infection has been greatly reduced.
Read more on myDr website
Hepatitis B - Better Health Channel
Hepatitis B is a viral infection that affects the liver and can lead to serious illness or death.
Read more on Better Health Channel website
Parenting and Child Health - Health Topics - Meningitis
Meningitis is an infection around the brain and spinal cord (meninges). It can be caused by bacteria, viruses or parasites (amoeba).
Read more on Women's and Children's Health Network website
Meningitis in children - myDr.com.au
Meningitis means inflammation of the meninges - the lining around the brain and spinal cord. It is usually caused by a bacterial or viral infection.
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Meningitis - myDr.com.au
Meningitis: what is it, what causes it and what are the symptoms? Find out all you need to know, plus risk factors, treatment and prevention.
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Childhood immunisation
Immunisation from an early age is highly recommended for all Australian children. Having your child immunised helps to protect them from the most serious childhood infections, some of which may threaten their lives.
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Hiberix Powder for injection - myDr.com.au
Hiberix Powder for injection - Consumer Medicines Information leaflets of prescription and over-the-counter medicines
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Menitorix Powder for injection - myDr.com.au
Menitorix Powder for injection - Consumer Medicines Information leaflets of prescription and over-the-counter medicines
Read more on myDr – Consumer Medicine Information website
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Vaccines for preventing severe Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) infections in people with sickle cell disease | Cochrane
Vaccines for preventing severe Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) infections in people with sickle cell disease
Read more on Cochrane (Australasian Centre) website
Combined DTP-HBV-HIB vaccine versus separately administered DTP-HBV and HIB vaccines in healthy infants up to two years old | Cochrane
Combined DTP-HBV-HIB vaccine versus separately administered DTP-HBV and HIB vaccines in healthy infants up to two years old
Read more on Cochrane (Australasian Centre) website
Haemophilus influenzae type B and viral influenza vaccinations during pregnancy for improving maternal, neonatal and infant health outcomes | Cochrane
Haemophilus influenzae type B and viral influenza vaccinations during pregnancy for improving maternal, neonatal and infant health outcomes
Read more on Cochrane (Australasian Centre) website
Vaccines for preventing influenza in people with cystic fibrosis | Cochrane
People with cystic fibrosis have blocked airways which results in frequent airway infections. Infections with viral diseases like influenza ("the flu") can worsen lung damage. Doctors therefore often advise people with cystic fibrosis to be vaccinated against influenza every year. We searched for studies which compared different vaccines or compared vaccination to placebo. We were able to include four studies with 179 people in the review. Most (143) were under 16 years old. No study compared one vaccine to placebo. There were a high number of drop outs in two of the studies. Vaccination does result in an immune system response to the types of influenza used in the vaccine. However, this response may not result in protection against influenza infection or lung damage. There were a high number of adverse events, but none were serious or persistent. There is no evidence to show if regular influenza vaccine benefits people with cystic fibrosis.
Read more on Cochrane (Australasian Centre) website
Hepatitis B vaccination during pregnancy for preventing infant infection | Cochrane
Hepatitis B is an infection caused by the hepatitis B virus and occurs worldwide. For infants and children, the two main sources of the infection are transmission from an infected mother or living in an infected household. Perinatal transmission is common in highly endemic areas. Hepatitis B vaccines are available and require a series of three doses over six months. The most common side effects are pain at the vaccination site and mild to moderate fever. Maternal hepatitis B vaccine immunization may be a way of preventing hepatitis B infection in infants before hepatitis B vaccine can be administered and provide protection to the infant. Infected hepatitis B virus infants are more likely to develop complications such as chronic infection, cirrhosis or liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma). This review found no evidence from randomized controlled trials regarding the effects of hepatitis B vaccine for preventing infant infection.
Read more on Cochrane (Australasian Centre) website
Vaccines for preventing severe salmonella infections in people with sickle cell disease | Cochrane
Salmonella organisms are probably second only to pneumococcus among bacterial causes of infection in people with sickle cell disease. Infection with these bacteria can lead to complications and reduce the quality of life of people with the disease and sometimes result in death. Immunization with salmonella vaccines is one of the interventions available to reduce infection by these bacteria. There are different types of vaccines available: the inactivated vaccines and the oral vaccines. We did not find any randomized controlled trials assessing these vaccines in people with sickle cell diseases. We therefore conclude that there is a need for a randomized controlled trial to assess the benefits and risks of the different types of vaccines to evaluate the potential for improving survival and decreasing mortality from salmonella infections in people with sickle cell disease.
Read more on Cochrane (Australasian Centre) website
Pneumococcal vaccines for sickle cell disease | Cochrane
People with sickle cell disease are particularly prone to pneumococcal infection, which may be fatal. Children aged up to 23 months are at high risk, but usual polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccines may not work in this age group. New conjugate pneumococcal vaccines may help to reduce the rate of infection in people with sickle cell disease of all ages. We searched for trials which compared a polysaccharide or conjugate pneumococcal vaccine schedule with a different schedule or no vaccination in people with sickle cell disease. The review includes five trials with a total of 547 participants. One trial showed that the polysaccharide vaccine did not reduce the risk of infection very much in children younger than three years old, but it was linked with only minor adverse events. Three trials of conjugate vaccines showed increased antibody responses compared to control groups in people of all ages, although clinical outcomes were not measured in these trials. This review did not show if the vaccines prevent infection or decrease death rates. We recommend that conjugate pneumococcal vaccines are used in people with sickle cell disease. Randomised trials will be needed to determine the best vaccination schedule when further, potentially more effective vaccines become available. Such trials should measure clinical outcomes of effectiveness.
Read more on Cochrane (Australasian Centre) website
Needle size for vaccination procedures in children and adolescents | Cochrane
Vaccines contain antigens that make our immune system produce antibodies that can protect against disease. Antigens are modified or partial forms of the virus, bacteria, or the toxin that cause the disease that the vaccine protects against. Because the antigen is altered from its original form it cannot cause disease, but it can produce an immune response.
Read more on Cochrane (Australasian Centre) website
