Eye diseases unpublished
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Last reviewed: July 2016
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Thyroid eye disease - myDr.com.au
Thyroid eye disease occurs in people with thyroid disease and is characterised by inflammation, swelling and eventual scarring.
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Childhood eye diseases and conditions - Fred Hollows
The Fred Hollows Foundation's programs treat various eye diseases which can lead to blindness. Find out more about these devastating eye conditions.
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Diabetes and Eye Diseases | myVMC
Diabetes is a condition that affects the bodys ability to control sugar levels. This can be due to autoimmune damage to the pancreas (Type 1 diabetes), or due to decreased effects of insulin due to poor diet, such as in the much more common Type 2 diabetes. Both these types of diabetes are associated with a wide range of complications, such as kidney disease or diabetic eye disease.
Read more on myVMC – Virtual Medical Centre website
Family history | Vision Initiative
Information on the link between family history of eye disease and eye health
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Trachoma disease - causes & treatment - Fred Hollows
The Fred Hollows Foundation's programs treat various eye diseases which can lead to blindness. Find out more about these devastating eye conditions.
Read more on Fred Hollows Foundation website
Diabetic Eye Disease: Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy | myVMC
Proliferative diabetic retinopathy is an eye disease that affects diabetics
Read more on myVMC – Virtual Medical Centre website
The human eye anatomy & functions - Fred Hollows
The Fred Hollows Foundation's programs treat various eye diseases which can lead to blindness. Find out more about these devastating eye conditions.
Read more on Fred Hollows Foundation website
Ischaemic Maculopathy | myVMC
Ischaemic maculopathy is one of a group of eye diseases which affect diabetics
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How to Have Healthy Eyes | myVMC
There are many ways in which the eyes can potentially be damaged, but also many preventative measures that can be taken to protect against eye diseases and/or disorders.
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Glaucoma
Glaucoma is the name given to a group of eye diseases in which increased pressure in the front of the eye causes damage to the optic nerve at the back of the eye.
Read more on WA Health website
Top results
Rituximab for the treatment of thyroid eye disease | Cochrane
Thyroid eye disease affects 50% of patients with the autoimmune condition, Graves' disease. Symptoms include eye pain, redness, swelling, protrusion (proptosis), double vision, and in severe cases, reduction in vision. Currently treatment options include steroids and radiotherapy, but relapses are common. Surgery is reserved for severe cases. Rituximab is a medication given by intravenous infusion which has been shown to benefit patients with other autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. This review was designed to investigate whether rituximab is effective and safe as a treatment option for patients with thyroid eye disease. There is a lack of evidence from randomised controlled trials to support the use of rituximab for thyroid eye disease. Rigorous studies looking at patients with active thyroid eye disease, comparing rituximab treatment with either steroids or placebo, need to be conducted in order to answer this question.
Read more on Cochrane (Australasian Centre) website
Pentoxifylline for diabetic eye disease | Cochrane
Diabetic retinopathy or eye disease is the leading cause of blindness in developed countries. Nowadays its treatment is based on the use of laser therapy. Since this is a procedure which destroys important cells in the eye, drug approaches have been developed to prevent or improve lesions in the eyes of diabetic people. Studies with the agent pentoxyfilline suggest this may have an important role in the outcome and progression of diabetic retinopathy.
Read more on Cochrane (Australasian Centre) website
Orbital therapy for adult thyroid eye disease | Cochrane
Read more on Cochrane (Australasian Centre) website
Surgical removal of bony wall or orbital fat for thyroid eye disease | Cochrane
Thyroid eye disease is an autoimmune disorder affecting 30% to 50% of patients with Graves' disease. Severe forms present in 3% to 5% of patients with reduced vision due to pressure on the optic nerve. The disease is more frequent in women and it significantly impairs the quality of life of affected patients. The clinical presentation is characterised by inflammation of the orbital contents which increases the volume of fat and muscles, resulting in forward placement of the eyes (exophthalmos), retraction of the eyelids and double vision. Multiple surgical procedures may be required for correction after initial medical treatment has proven ineffective.
Read more on Cochrane (Australasian Centre) website
Interventions for helping people use eye drops as prescribed for raised eye pressure or glaucoma | Cochrane
A large number of people do not use eye drops as prescribed.Glaucoma is a slowly progressive eye disease, which can result in severe vision loss. Drops prescribed for raised eye pressure or glaucoma are aimed at lowering the pressure to assist in reducing the rate of progression, or preventing the conversion of raised eye pressure to glaucoma. It is important that these eye drops are used continually, usually for life. Approximately one-third of people who are prescribed eye drops for the first time fail to continue collecting prescriptions within the first year and even when patients collect prescriptions they do not always use the drops as frequently as they should. A number of reasons are thought to be the cause, for example, forgetfulness, being prescribed a large number of medications, difficulties instilling drops, lack of knowledge about glaucoma, a busy lifestyle and seeing no benefit.
Read more on Cochrane (Australasian Centre) website
D-Penicillamine for preventing retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants | Cochrane
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is an eye disease of premature infants that continues to be a serious problem. The drug D-penicillamine, given by mouth, is commonly used to treat poisoning by iron or copper or other heavy metals. In research studies of D-penicillamine used for another problem that premature infants have (high bilirubin), it was observed that the treated infants had less ROP. However, this systematic review did not show any significant benefits of this drug for the outcomes of ROP, death or development of nerves. Thus, the use of this drug cannot be recommended for the prevention of ROP based on available evidence.
Read more on Cochrane (Australasian Centre) website
Face washing promotion for preventing active trachoma | Cochrane
Trachoma is an eye disease caused by bacterial infection. Active infection usually begins in childhood and is characterized by eye discharge, redness and irritation. Poor facial hygiene can lead to the disease spreading from person to person through eye-seeking flies or contaminated fingers. Face washing is promoted as part of the World Health Organization 'SAFE' strategy to eliminate blindness around the world. Face washing is simple and rational, but its effectiveness to reduce transmission of trachoma is uncertain.
Read more on Cochrane (Australasian Centre) website
For nurses | Vision Initiative
Online training on eye health and vision care available for nurses
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For GPs | Vision Initiative
Training on eye health and vision care available for GPs
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Corticosteroid eye drops used in addition to standard antibiotic therapy in the treatment of bacterial keratitis | Cochrane
Corticosteroid eye drops used in addition to standard antibiotic therapy in the treatment of bacterial keratitis
Read more on Cochrane (Australasian Centre) website
